Gallbladder, an important part of mammalian alimentary system, is a very small green colored pear-shaped organ, located just below the liver. Liver secretes bile juice, which is stored in the gallbladder and becomes more concentrated. This bile is poured into the duodenum of the small intestine and acts as the digestive juice. Like all other organs of body, gallbladder can also be affected by disease. Gall bladder symptoms are quite evident as well. It happens when some infection or inflammation takes place in that organ and consequently its normal functioning gets hampered. Two types of gall bladder diseases are found. These are commonly known as Cholelithiasis and Cholecystitis.
Cholelithiasis is commonly known as gall stones. When bile present in the gallbladder becomes more concentrated and gets hardened, it takes the shape of small pebbles or stones. This condition is called Cholelithiasis. It results in the blockage of bile duct and consequently inflammation occurs in the gall bladder. This situation is termed as Cholecystitis.
The common symptoms of Cholecystitis are high fever, pain in specific anatomical area of abdomen, commonly known as Murphy's Sign. Chronic cholecystitis results in symptoms like peptic ulcer, colitis, hiatal hernia, improper bowel movement, and so on.
Gall bladder stones or cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases of present days. Gallbladder stones are of two types - cholesterol stones, which are made of hardened cholesterol and yellow green in color and pigment stones, which are smaller in size, dark in color and made of bilirubin.
There are several symptoms of gall stone from which the disease can be detected at its early stage. The symptoms are ulcers, appendicitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, hiatal hernia and even heart attack. Sometimes pain occurs in the upper right part of the abdomen. This pain may continue from half an hour to many hours and increases rapidly and steadily. It may also take place in other parts of body - below the right side shoulder or in between two shoulder blades at the back and even at the forehead above the right eye. The other common symptoms of gall stones are fever and chill, nausea, yellowish skin, whitish eyes, stools of clay like color etc. Dizziness, gas, burping and belching, indigestion, acne, disturbed vision, anemia, jaundice are also considered as gall stone symptoms.
Sometimes there is no symptom of gall stones. This condition is named as "silent stones" and requires no treatment as it does not hinder with the proper functioning of digestive system.
Gallbladder cancer can also occur but this is not very common type of cancer. In this cancer, the gallbladder as well as the bile duct is affected by the malignant tumor.
The most common treatment for gall bladder stones is removal of gall stones by surgery. Laparoscopic surgery is most popular nowadays. Drugs which dissolve gallstones are also administered to patients. Shockwave lithotripsy is another popular treatment, which break up the gall stones into small fragments. Besides all, a healthy diet plan, having less cholesterol and calcium content is good for gallbladder patients. Obesity is another cause of gallbladder disease. Hence weight control is also necessary to avoid gallbladder diseases.
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