Gene test is a process of analyzing an individual's genetic makeup, normally a sample of blood cells, tissues or body fluids for a possible aberrant genes which may carry diseases, which can be passed on to the next generation. It has been available to consumers shortly after the Human Genome Project was completed in 2003.
Many physicians recommend genetic testing for a few reasons.
First, as a preventative measure, a couple may want to determine whether any of them is a carrier of recessive genetic illnesses which can be passed on to their children, should they plan to have their own family. For a disease to be a recessive, the aberrant gene is inherited in two copies, each from the patient's parents.
If only one faulty gene is inherited from one parent, the disease may not be expressed in a child. However, the chance of developing such disease is 50%. The aberrant gene can be identified with a genetic testing.
Second, if a person has given birth to a child who has severe birth defect, she may want to find out the cause of such defect. Birth defects can be caused by other factors such as having exposure to a toxin, infection or a physical trauma during conception, besides the genes. And even if the child has a genetic problem, the disease cannot always be due to the parent's genes. It could be triggered by some spontaneous fault on the child's genes. A genetic test will set the matters straight.
Third, if a woman is beyond the age of 34 and is pregnant, her risks of having a child with chromosomal issues are high. On the other hand, fathers who are already at their elderly age when they father a child may have higher chances of having a child with new dominant genetic mutations. To find out the condition of the unborn or new born child, gene tests may prove very helpful.
Fourth, pregnancy can be dangerous to women, and if she has had two or more miscarriages, the problem can be due to chromosomes in the fetus, which can lead to spontaneous miscarriage. Most often, having several miscarriages may indicate a genetic problem. A gene testing may shed enlightenment on the real condition of miscarriages. It can help prevent another or two.
Fifth, besides miscarriage, stillborn is another misfortune incident that may happen both to the conceiving woman and the stillborn child. According to researchers, the physical abnormalities of the child can be due to many of the serious genetic disorders.
Sixth, genetic testing can be done to verify diagnosis in case a child has medical problems that are within the range of particular genetic syndrome. The tests can also help determine the severity and type of genetic disease, which in turn may help determine the best treatment.
Genetic testing has been relied upon by physicians today. It helps them find the best drug treatment to a patient in case there are signs of an illness, which can be detected earlier, unlike in the previous years in which the diseases were often found out at their worst stage.
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