A heptathlon is a track and field competition combining seven events over the course of two consecutive days. There are two versions of the heptathlon.
The woman's outdoor heptathlon consists of seven games split into two consecutive days. Four are contested on day one, while the remaining three are contested on day two of the competition.
The indoor event is normally contested only by men. It is the men's combined event in the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics.
The scoring is similar for both versions. In each competition, the athlete scores points for his/her performance in each event according to scoring tables issued by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
The athlete accumulating the highest number of points wins the competition. Four are contested on day one, while the remaining three are contested on day two of the competition.
The games are the 60 meter run, long jump, shot put, high jump, 60 meter hurdles, pole vault, and 1000 meter run. The 60 meter is a sprint event in track and field athletics.
It is a championship event for indoor championships, normally dominated by the best outdoor 100 meters runners. The long jump is a track and field competition in which athletes combine speed, strength, and agility in an attempt to leap as far from the take-off point as possible.
Competitors sprint down a runway and jump as far as they can from behind a foul line into a pit filled with finely ground gravel or sand. The distance traveled by a jumper is often referred to as the "mark" because it is the distance to the nearest mark made in the sand from the foul line.
If the competitor starts the leap with any part of the foot past the foul line, the jump is declared illegal and no distance is recorded. At the elite level, a layer of plasticine is placed immediately after the board to detect this occurrence.
Otherwise, a referee will watch the jump and make the determination. The competitor can initiate the jump from any point behind the foul line; however, the distance measured will always be from the foul line.
Usually, each competitor typically has three separate attempts to make his or her longest jump, and only the longest legal jump counts towards the results. Higher level competitions are split into two rounds: trials and finals.
In competitions containing a final round, only a select number of competitors are invited to return for further competition. The number of competitors chosen to return to the final round is determined before the start of the meet by a committee composed of coaches and officials.
It is standard practice to allow one more competitor than the number of scoring positions to return to the final round. For example, if a given meet allows the top eight competitors to score points, then the top nine competitors will be selected to compete in the final round.
Taking an extra competitor to the final round helps to allow that athlete to move into a scoring position if the competitor can improve on his or her best mark of the competition. Final rounds are viewed as an additional three jumps, as they do not have any priority to those scored in the trial round.
The competitor with the longest legal jump at the end of competition is declared the winner. The shot put is a track and field event involving throwing a heavy ball as far as possible.
It is common to use the term "shot put" to refer to both the shot itself and to the up and down motion. The high jump is a track and field athletics event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of certain devices.
For the 60 m hurdles, 6 hurdles of a height of 83.8 cm are placed evenly spaced along a straight course of 60 meters. They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner.
Fallen hurdles don't count against runners so long as they don't run into them on purpose. Pole vaulting is a track and field event in which a person uses a long, flexible pole - usually made either of fiberglass or carbon fiber - as an aid to leap over a bar.
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