The necessity to see a urologist is usually brought about by discomfort and pain related to bodily functions and excretion. These types of medical issues are covered by the healthcare field of urology. Urological problems are sensitive subjects for many people. Urologists treat the kidneys, adrenal glands, bladder, urethra and male reproductive organs. Women may go to a urologist for treatment of a bladder or urinary tract infection (UTI), incontinence or kidney stones. Some urological conditions in men include prostate issues like prostate cancer or an enlarged prostate, urinary issues, erectile dysfunction and kidney stones.
Urologists can treat several types of cancer, either through chemotherapy, radiation, or even surgery. They commonly treat bladder cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer and testicular cancer, often with the help of an oncologist or cancer specialist. The patient is often diagnosed by the urologist, and then sent to an oncology specialist.
In addition to prostate cancer, urologists treat other prostate problems such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, or enlarged prostate, and prostatitis, or inflammation of the prostate. An enlarged prostate gland, common in men over 50, can cause frequent urination especially during the night, trouble urinating, or constant feeling of needing to urinate. Prostatitis, which is common in men younger than 50, can cause burning with urination, increased urination, or even fever and tiredness. They can help to find a balance of lifestyle changes, medication and other therapies to relieve these symptoms.
Both men and women can be affected by kidney stones. Kidney stones are made up of minerals that calcify or harden into small stones in the kidneys and ureters. The stones can block the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder; this can cause severe pain and other problems. Kidney stones are often passed naturally through the ureter, bladder and urethra and expelled in urine. With especially large kidney stones, a urologist may use other treatments, like using mild shock waves to break up the stone and allow it to pass.
Urologists can also help men with sexual dysfunction such as erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation. This can be done through use of some medications as well as other physical and mental therapies. They can also treat severe emergency conditions like priapism, where a painful erection occurs for several hours because blood cannot drain correctly from the penis. They can treat this problem and prevent permanent loss of function and scarring.
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