A physician who is an adolescent specialist works with those who are between 11 and 21 years of age. Adolescents face mental and physical issues that are unique to that age group. Younger children and older adults are generally not concerned with them. However, an adolescent specialist will know what these issues may be, how to address them, and, most importantly, that they are normal.
These unique issues cover a wide range of topics. They include everything from social and academic pressures to life-threatening illnesses. However, physicians who specialize in adolescents understand that many lifelong habits are picked up during these years. The pre-teen years are when a person forms their hygiene habits and diet for the long term. This is also when a person decides whether or not to smoke or experiment with other drugs. A trained specialist knows which angle to take to provide advice that will resonate with the adolescent and begin building healthy habits. Before a child reaches puberty, parent should take the time to find an adolescent specialist.
Adolescent health specialists provide many types of treatment, but there are some that are more common than others. They perform physical exams that are required for driver's permits, sports participation, and college entrance. While any doctor can perform this type of physical, a specialist can cater to the needs of the adolescent based on their age and needs. They also address any growth or development issues. This may just involve tracking average progress, or it may be a more in-depth examination to determine the source of a growth problem. Another common issue these specialists deal with is acne problems. Even though that seems like a job for a dermatologist, the physician may be able to get to the root of the problem before introducing internal medicine into the mix.
While these issues address the physical needs of an adolescent, a specialist also understands the mental growth and challenges. During this age range, sexuality may be a confusing change. A specialist can sort out confused thoughts in a safe environment. Psychosocial problems including stress, self-esteem issues, anxiety, depression, addiction, and sleep problems often compromise a teenager's ability to focus on school or their social life. This may also include mental disorders such as anorexia, ADHD, or bipolar disorder. If left untreated, these may develop into serious, irreversible problems in the future. Adolescent specialists know how to address these issues that parents may be hesitant to discuss.
Like any medical doctor, these specialists are trained and board certified. They have completed a minimum of four years of medical school and three years of residency training. The residency training is often in family practice, general pediatric, or internal medicine.
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