WHMIS refers to Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. Since 1988, it has been the communication standard in Canada for hazardous materials in the workplace. The system is comprised of elements such as cautionary labels for containers, provision of material safety data sheets and worker education through WHMIS training programs.
The system is able to function through synchronization and cooperation. The federal, provincial and territorial governments follow the same general guidelines. This is why training is so important. It ensures no duplication or inefficiency, which could have been compromised if each area had its own system.
This program was established through the federal Hazardous Product Act and Controlled Products Regulations. The National office of WHMIS administers both. The system acts as a national standard for classification and communication for hazardous chemicals.
Though general guidelines are established through this system, requirements may vary with jurisdiction. This program makes sure that employers know and understand requirements specific to their workplace and strive to fulfill them. These standards are applied to ensure that controlled products in a workplace are used properly, stored correctly and handled safely. Labeling is crucial to this system. Material safety data sheets should be accessible to all workers. Controlled Products Regulations states that MSDSs must obtained or prepared prior to the controlled product being used or sold within Canada. Individuals, who will be working closely with hazardous materials, must be educated and thoroughly trained with their site-specific regulations.
There are eight WHMIS hazard symbols, each representing a different class. Class A is for compressed gas. Class B is a marker for flammable and combustible material. Class C is designated for oxidizing material. Class D is sectioned of into three classifications. Class D1 is for materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects. Class D2 is for materials causing other toxic effects. Class D3 is for biohazardous, infectious material. Corrosive materials fall under Class E and Class F is for dangerous reactive material. Following training, a worker should be able to recognize all eight symbols.
The government, industry and organized labor all participate in development of the program. It is a representation of the consensus between stakeholders. It continues to evolve through agreement and sharing of ideas. The CIC or Current Issues Committee has no exclusive powers, but sends recommendations to agencies and departments, particularly the Minister of Health of Canada.
The GHS or Globally Harmonized System of labeling and classification of chemicals requires some changes to the WHMIS. How long of a process this will be depends upon many factors. Implementation dates, guidelines for labels and data sheets and transitions will need to be decided.
WHMIS training is very important. It has a major impact on the safety of a workplace. This is especially true at businesses and facilities that require handling and storage of dangerous chemicals. A worker should prove competent in all guidelines before being able to work in specific environments. Reference manuals are available online to the public to ensure compliance. The ultimate goal is to protect workers, who have to work with hazardous materials, from illness, injury and premature death.
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