Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder that commonly occurs during childhood, although it can also extend into adulthood. Since many of the children with this disorder have trouble concentrating and are often impulsive, these behavioral problems interfere with their life at home and school. The following discusses the symptoms, causes and treatment options for children with ADHD.
Symptoms
The various symptoms of ADHD generally span three different categories, such an impulsivity, inattention and hyperactivity. Symptoms of impulsivity include speaking at inappropriate times, difficulty waiting for things they are expecting and frequently interrupting others. Problems sitting still, constantly needing to move, fidgeting and squirming while sitting and excessive talking are the main symptoms of hyperactivity in children who have this behavioral disorder.
The symptoms of inattention that often occur in ADHD include forgetfulness, being easily distracted, problems focusing, frequent daydreaming, problems listening and trouble following instructions. In order for a diagnosis of ADHD to be made, symptoms from these three categories must be ongoing and be present for at least six months.
Causes
While there is no apparent direct cause for ADHD, it is believed that a variety of factors are responsible for its development. Genetics and environmental factors such as being exposed to alcohol and cigarettes while in the womb and exposure to toxins and lead have been known to cause this disorder in many children.
Differences in brain structures and an imbalance of chemicals in the brain such as neurotransmitters are further causes of this behavioral condition. There is also a possibility that food additives may play a role in the development of this condition in children.
Treatment
While there is currently no cure for this condition, an ADHD physician in SC and other physicians who are experienced with this behavioral disorder, use a combination of medication and behavioral techniques. These treatments are usually designed for the long-term and are aimed at helping children control their behavioral issues.
Stimulants are the most common form of medication that is administered to children who have ADHD. It is believed that stimulants help to bring the chemicals within the brain to normal levels and can also help to control many symptoms such as hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. It is also common for children to be prescribed non-stimulants if other medications are not effective.
Behavioral therapies such as psychotherapy or social skills training may also be used in conjunction with medication. These therapies are aimed to help children work on avoiding distractions, maintaining a regular schedule, becoming organized and working on effectively managing their emotions.
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