Diabetes is a lifelong condition that requires constant vigilance and treatment. Type I is inherited at birth, but Type II is acquired and is usually a result of obesity, poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle.
Diabetes mellitus is the proper name, but it is often simply referred to as just plain diabetes. It is a collection of metabolic disorders where the patient's blood sugar level is high. This may be because the body doesn't make enough insulin, or because the cells don't work efficiently with the insulin that is created. Typical symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, excessive thirst and constant hunger.
There are three primary types of the disease. Type I is where the body doesn't produce enough insulin. Often not a result of lifestyle but heredity, it is also called juvenile diabetes.
Type II is where there is insulin resistance, or the cells are inefficient with insulin production. There is sometimes a complete deficiency of insulin, and it must be taken or regulated through medication. It is also called adult-onset.
Gestational form is common in pregnant women. They might never have had it before, but the high blood glucose from pregnancy causes them to develop diabetes.
Specialists have been treating this disease with insulin since it became available on the medical market almost 100 years ago. Many doctors use it, including diabetes specialists in New Hampshire. They can recommend its use, but some patients are non-compliant or may have difficulty adjusting to the proper dosage. Some patient complications from not getting proper treatment include low blood sugar, diabetic ketoacidosis, and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Cardiovascular disease can also result without proper treatment.
Almost 200 million people worldwide have the disease. Diabetes specialists can provide the medicines that are necessary for its management. If it's not supervised carefully, negative symptoms can develop.
Oral medications like Metformin are usually recommended as the first line of defense for Type II, because there is good evidence that it can decrease the chances of early death. Type I is usually treated with insulin.
In countries that use a general practitioner system, there is mostly patient care outside of hospitals, and only in the most dire situations are patients brought into the hospitals. Sometimes, specialists work in a team approach. A host of optometrists, podiatrists, physiotherapists, nursing specialists, educators and others may take a five-pronged approach to treatment. They pool their resources and work together. The toughest cases often require a multidisciplinary approach. Specialists therefore network together to achieve the best results.
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