For water to be considered as drinking water, it should be of high standards that upon consumption there would be no eminent risk of harming ones health. The human body is estimated to contain 60 to 70 percent water with most of the human body parts containing a lot of water. The human body requires drinking water for various functions such as the regulation of body temperature and provision of a means through which nutrients are transported to other organs of the body.
In most regions of the world, humans consume water that is contaminated with disease vectors. Water such as that is not safe for consumption and may result in chronic illnesses, hence the need to put up water distribution systems and also put into use water purification technology. Water purification is basically the elimination of contaminants from raw water.
Purification of drinking water can be carried out through either the physical process which can be through water filtration or water sedimentation. Secondly it can be purified through the biological processes like the activated sludge or the slow sand filters. Chemical processes of water purification include flocculation and chlorination and finally we can apply electromagnetic radiation through the use of ultraviolet light.
The purification of drinking water reduces concentration of parasites, bacteria, viruses, algae, suspended particles and other matters that may have come into contact with the water as it falls into the rain. Basically, the quality of drinking water is usually set by the specific government of that area or by the international standards.
Access to Water We can measure the access to drinking water through the number of masses who the ways and means of having safe and adequate amount of drinking water. Inability to finance and maintain the involved infrastructure has led to the poor accessibility to safe drinking water.
Improved water drinking sources have been but in place and they include: household water connection, boreholes conditions, public standpipe, protected spring and rain water. In coming up with safe water sources there also has to be the access of good sanitation facilities such as the connection to public sewers and septic systems. Sources from which water can be found include: ground sources (ground water), precipitation (rain, snow), surface water etc. With advancement in technology, purification methods have also advanced for the better with introduction of water machines ranging from products such as water vending dispensers, water vending units and reverse osmosis water vending machines. Lack of water is among the major problems in developing countries. But thanks to the Water aid program, that has helped provide water has seen improvement of hygiene to the people living in areas where by safe drinking water was a problem.
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